(1) 肯定直述句,用否定疑問。
ex: Peter helped you, didn't he?
ex: Mary was there, wasn't she?
ex: It is quite warm, isn't it?
(2) 否定直述句,用肯定疑問。
ex: You didn't see him, did you?
ex: Ann can't swim, can she?
(3) 附加疑問句中的否定動詞,一般都縮寫。
ex: She ate it all, didn't she?
ex: He doesn't like fish, does he?
ex: I'm late, aren't I?
(4) 附加疑問的主詞要用代名詞。
ex: Mary is coming, isn't she?
ex: John is a painter, isn't he?
(5) 帶"Let's"的附加問句中用助動詞"shall"。
→ Let's ..., shall we?
ex: Let's go, shall we?
ex: Let's forget it, shall we?
→ **Let us/me ..., will you?
ex: Let us go, will you?
ex: Let me have a look at that project, will you?
(6) 如果句子裡有 neither, no, none, no one, nobody, nothing, scarely, barely, hardly, seldom, few, rarely, little 等詞,視為否定直述句,所以附加問句要用肯定疑問。
ex: No salt is allowed, is it?
ex: Nothing was said, was it?
ex: Peter hardly ever goes to parties, does he?
ex: That hardly counts, does it?
ex: Nobody had bothered to plant new ones, had they?
(7) 如果句子主詞是 anyone, anybody, no one, nobody, everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, none, neither 等,附加問句可用 they (較常用) 或 he 來替代。
ex: No one would object, would they?
ex: Neither of them complained, did they?
ex: Everyone warned you, didn't they?
ex: Someone had recognised him, hadn't they?
ex: Everyone knows his job, doesn't he? (Or, Everyone knows their job, don't they?)
(8) 一般動詞現在式的附加問句,用 don't/doesn't ;一般動詞過去式的附加問句,用 didn't。其他各時態,則各用適當的助動詞。
ex: Edward lives here, does he?
ex: You found your passport, didn't you?
ex: Peter's heard the news, hasn't he?
ex: You will stay in touch, won't you?
(9) 話者陳述自身感受、想法、情況,並想了解受話人是否有相同見解、感覺時,則在附加疑問中用"you"。
ex: I love tea, don't you?
ex: I feel cold, don't you?
(10) 句子中如果出現 I think/suppose/expect/believe/imagine/fancy 這種句型結構時,則附加問句應重覆子句中的主語。
ex: I suppose you are not serious, are you?
ex: I expect you will have a good time there, won't you?
ex: I don't believe he has finished, has he?
(11) 陳述句的主詞是 this, that, these, those 時,則附加問句中的主語要分別用 it 或 they。
ex: That is your book, isn't it?
ex: Those are your books, aren't they?
(12) 陳述句的主詞是 one 時,附加問句的主詞可用 one (英式英語) 或 he (美式英語)。
ex: One can't be too careful, can one?/can he?
(13) 推測已發生的情況時,若陳述句有 must have (done),並有表示過去的時間副詞,問句部分用 didn't;若没有過去的時間副詞,問句部分則用 haven't 或 hasn't。
ex: They must have gone there last night, didn't they?
ex: They must have arrived by now, haven't they? (根據"by now"來判斷)
ex: They must have been to the Great Wall, haven't they?
注意:被動時, 則按被動結構來處理。
ex: The room must have been cleaned yesterday, wasn't it?
ex: The room must have been cleaned, hasn't it?
【補充】
→ used to 後面要用 did (didn't)
ex: They used to write to you, didn't they?
→ I wish 後面可用 may
ex: I wish to have a rest now, may I?
- Sep 11 Thu 2008 04:22
[文法] 附加問句
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